CNBC Market News: Financial Crisis — This Day—One Year Ago: Sept. 29, 2008 - This Day One Year Ago * US * News * Story

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The Financial Crisis: This Day—One Year Ago, Sept. 29, 2008

Published: Monday, 28 Sep 2009 | 5:26 PM ET

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By: CNBC.com

A world of woe.

The pas de deux between government and finance picks up the pace Monday, nurturing hopes that the crisis will be smoothed out. By day's end, those hopes are dashed.

Investors are cheered by the news that Citigroup [C Loading... () ] will buy up most assets of Wachovia—obviating the need for government help—and are cautiously optimistic about a bailout plan being approved.

This Day 1 Year Ago - A CNBC Special Report - See Complete Coverage
The $700-billion financial rescue bill hammered out over the weekend goes to the House for a vote today; the Senate isn't expected to vote until Wednesday, with Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish new year holiday, on Tuesday.

The Federal Reserve and other central banks announce an extraordinary move this morning: a massive liquidity injection to try to revive paralyzed credit markets. The Fed says it'll infuse another $330 billion of liquidity into the market. Combined with efforts of other central banks, that means an additional $630 billion of liquidity will be flowing through the market over the next several months.

What You Were Watching:

Europe Does Not Have a Bailout Plan – But It Should

The Banking Disease Runs Too Deep

Later on Monday, hedge-fund managers will have to disclose their short positions to regulators, a move set to give a rare public glimpse into their secretive trading strategies. Hedge funds were singled out for populist rage amid suspicions they helped cause the crisis.

Private equity firms Bain Capital and Hellman & Friedman agree to a deal to buy Lehman Brothers Holdings' [LEHMQ Loading... () ] prized Neuberger Berman asset management unit and other businesses for $2.15 billion, less than original estimates of its worth.

Now for the bad news.

Morgan Stanley shares [MS Loading... () ] fall nearly 8 percent, following news that Japan's biggest bank, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, will take a 21-percent stake in the Wall Street firm.

The Crisis: 1 Year Later - A CNBC Special Report - See Complete Coverage
As the trading day nears an end, the House rejects the financial rescue bill. Investors are stunned and dump stocks frantically until the Dow ends 777 points lower, at 10365.45, its biggest one-day point drop ever. The S&P 500 also logs its biggest one-day point drop, falling 106.59, or 8.8 percent, to 1106.42. The Nasdaq has its biggest one-day point decline since 2000, falling 199.61, or 9.1 percent, to 1983.73.

Wall Street's key barometer of investor fear, the VIX (CBOE Volatility Index), jumps 34.48 percent to 46.72, its highest level ever. The VIX hasn't been above 40 in more than 10 years.

"This is panic and...fear run amok," Zachary Karabell, president of River Twice Research, tells CNBC. "Right now we are in a classic moment of a financial meltdown."

Among the biggest decliners: National City [NCC Loading... () ], the most actively-traded stock on the New York Stock Exchange, which fell by 50 percent. Fifth Third [FITB Loading... () ], Sovereign Bancorp [SOV Loading... () ] and First Federal (of California) [FED Loading... () ] each shed more than 30 percent.

In Europe, more unprecedented actions: The Belgian, Dutch and Luxembourg governments together take a 49-percent stake in financial group Fortis, injecting 11.2 billion euros ($16.4 billion) into the bank.

The German government and a consortium of banks say they'll provide 35 billion euros ($51.2 billion) in credit guarantees to troubled lender Hypo Real Estate, hoping for an "orderly winding down without the bank's assets being burned up." Hypo shares plunge 73.9 percent by the close.

What You Were Reading:

The UK government buys up the 50 billion pounds of loans, mostly mortgages, held by Bradford & Bingley. The lender's 200 branches and deposit portfolio have already bought up by Spain's Santander [STD Loading... () ] for some 400 million pounds.

Shares in French bank Dexia tumble more than 20 percent on a newspaper report that it might launch an emergency capital increase.

Art Cashin, director of floor operations for UBS Financial Services, tells CNBC that he learned early on in his career never to bet on the end of the world—it "only happens once." But, he adds, "It might not be a bad idea to find a bomb shelter somewhere."

What the Experts Were Saying:

Robin Griffiths at Cazenove Capital predicts: "We are now at the start of that capitulation phase…it's going to go down until roughly the middle of October. Then, we could get a strong fourth quarter from a capitulation level."

"The fact that a bank is well capitalized does not mean it is immune to problems," Angela Knight, CEO of the British Banking Association, warns.

Marino Valensise, CIO of Barings, on the bailout: "To be honest, I would have gone another way. I would have followed what Warren Buffett did with Goldman Sachs."