Argentina has already declared the vote illegal and vowed to disrupt the nascent oil industry in the region that it sees as a theft of its natural resources.
The Dow's record high feels "eerily similar" to the market's peak in mid-2007 before the global financial crisis, Albert Edwards, the London-based global strategist at Societe Generale, known for his famously bearish stance on equities, said on Thursday.
Corporate buybacks have surpassed the $1 trillion mark for the first time since 2009, a sign the credit boom is reaching new heights, according to one chief market strategist.
Bonds, equities and the pound are heading towards a "catastrophe", according to technical analysis by Charles Nenner, founder and head of research of the Charles Nenner Research Center which focuses on the cycle analysis of markets.
France's finance minister has voiced concern about political and economic deadlock in Europe, but analysts warn his own country needs attention urgently.
As a deadlock continues over automatic spending cuts, an analyst told CNBC the United States is living in a "fantasy world" and will need to implement trillions more in budget reductions.
The pound fell below a key level against the dollar on Friday as worse-than-expected U.K. manufacturing data increased the likelihood of further quantitative easing by the Bank of England.
Equities have already surged in Japan as the yen falls, but with monetary easing looking increasingly likely, stocks are set to receive a further boost, according to one financial advisor.
Europe is still a very attractive market despite the current political and economic risks, David Rubenstein, co-founder & managing director of the Carlyle Group, told CNBC on Wednesday.