Economic, institutional and geopolitical reasons are all lined up to raise a big caution flag about investment in the European monetary union and in the rest of the EU trading bloc.

With a feeble and uncertain exit from a two-year old recession, a crippling unemployment rate of 12 percent and accelerating price deflation, the euro area – or any part of it – is no longer offering investors the promise of a sustained upturn and of cyclically-induced gains in corporate profits.