When consumers think about which companies are launching the latest, most innovative products, banks and financial services firms don't usually feature high on the list.

However, financial institutions are investing hundreds of millions of dollars in nimble start-ups to help encourage financial technology or "fintech" innovation. The big financial services companies are often hindered by outdated technology so smaller tech firms help them reduce the time needed to develop new products and – more importantly -- strengthen their competitive position. Start-ups benefit from the access to capital and they gain a deeper understanding of banks' pain points so they can develop a truly scalable solution.