European shares closed lower after choppy trading on Thursday, tracking falls on the U.S. equity markets.
European shares suffered steep falls on Monday as mounting political uncertainty in the peripheral euro zone prompted investors to lock in profits on indexes trading close to multi-year highs.
The secret document at the heart of the Monte dei Paschi banking scandal lay for months in a concealed safe in a 14th century Tuscan palace. Chief Executive Fabrizio Viola said he learnt about the safe's contents only last October, a full 10 months after he had been called in to sort out Italy's third biggest bank.
European shares inched higher on Wednesday, with a key index moving back towards a near two-year high hit recently.
Shares in Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena, Italy's third-biggest lender, fell more than 5 percent for the second day in a row on Wednesday on worries of mounting losses on some financial derivative positions which it took in 2008 and 2009.
Technology stocks fell to push European shares lower and send Germany's benchmark DAX index to a 2013 low on Tuesday.
European shares finished in negative territory Monday, but financials helped limit losses after global banking regulators announced a watering down of key elements of their plan for banking rules.
European shares closed lower on Friday as U.S. politicians continued to wrangle over averting the "fiscal cliff" — a series of tax increases and spending cuts that are set to kick in at the start of next year and could threaten the U.S. economy.
European shares closed higher on Tuesday after a survey showed a sharp improvement in German investor and analyst sentiment.
European shares closed higher on Monday, but Italian shares closed firmly in the red after political uncertainty surfaced, with Prime Minister Mario Monti announcing he will step down before his term ends.