* U.S. shale output to hit record 7.7 mln bpd in Nov - EIA
* U.S. crude inventories seen up for fourth week - Reuters poll
* Iran exports 1.33 mln bpd of crude in Oct. 1-14- Refinitiv
* OPEC urges more investment amid shrinking spare oil capacity (New throughout, updates prices, market activity and comments)
NEW YORK, Oct 16 (Reuters) - Oil prices rose in cautious trade on Tuesday as expectations of higher U.S. shale output and inventories vied with worries that crude supply from the Middle East could be disrupted by looming U.S. sanctions on Iran and growing tensions with top producer Saudi Arabia.
U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham accused Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman of ordering the murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi and said the prince was jeopardizing relations with the United States.
"The focus within the oil trade during the next couple of weeks is likely to be on Iran and Saudi Arabia," Jim Ritterbusch, president of Ritterbusch and Associates, said in a note.
"We don't expect the Kingdom to be as accommodative to the White House requests for stronger production," he said, adding that the Saudis could cut as much as 500,000 barrels per day of production "as a warning shot should the U.S. opt to impose any type of sanction in response to the Khashoggi developments."
Brent crude rose 78 cents to $81.56 a barrel by 2:01 p.m. EDT (1801 GMT), while West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude was up 30 cents at $72.08 a barrel.
Market participants also said U.S. crude prices were being pressured by recent stock builds at Cushing, Oklahoma, the delivery point for WTI, where inventories have risen for three straight weeks.
Overall, analysts forecast that U.S. crude stockpiles rose last week for the fourth straight week, by about 2.2 million barrels, according to a Reuters poll ahead of weekly inventory reports.
Data from the American Petroleum Institute (API) is due at 4:30 p.m. EDT (2030 GMT) while the U.S. Department of Energy will release official data at 10:30 a.m. EDT (1430 GMT) on Wednesday.
Weak U.S. gasoline margins <RBc1-CLc1> and growing U.S. shale output could also cap gains in crude prices, market participants said.
"The weakening crude spreads almost globally in the face of Iran sanctions is likely generating some concern on how strong market really is and if it's ready to rally more," said Scott Shelton, energy futures broker with ICAP in Durham, North Carolina.
Front-month Brent crude futures traded at the lowest premium in over a month to futures for delivery one year from now <LCOc1-LCOc2>. Meanwhile, front-month U.S. crude futures traded near the smallest premium to the 12th month in about 10 months <CLc1-CLc12>.
"We think that one of the major factors that is leading to a scaling back of long positions is a reappraisal of short-term fundamentals by investors," Standard Chartered analysts said in a note.
Any supply deficit in the fourth quarter was unlikely to be large enough to do more than support prices, they said.
The Russian government is no longer capping oil output increases by local producers, one of the country's top energy companies Gazprom Neft said on Tuesday.
"There are signs the oil market is overheating," Deputy chief executive Vadim Yakovlev said.
Still, reports that Iranian exports of crude oil may be falling faster than expected ahead of new U.S. sanctions on Tehran from Nov. 4 lent support.
OPEC Secretary-General Mohammad Barkindo said oil markets were currently adequately supplied and balanced, but urged oil producing companies to increase capacities and invest more to meet future demand. (Reporting by Devika Krishna Kumar in New York, Christopher Johnson in LONDON and Jane Chung in SEOUL; Editing by David Gregorio and Marguerita Choy)