Most Asian indexes closed lower on Tuesday ahead of the U.S. Federal Reserve's September meeting as investors awaited clues from the central bank on future monetary policy.
Japan markets were an outlier, however, soaring after reopening after a public holiday.
The surged 1.96 percent, or 389.88 points, to close at 20,299.38, as markets played catch-up following the long weekend. Exporters, trading houses and retailers notched gains as the dollar extended overnight gains against the yen.
Down Under, the S&P/ASX 200 reversed gains made earlier in the session to close down 0.12 percent at 5,713.6. The heavily-weighted financials sub-index was off 0.02 percent despite trading higher earlier in the day.
South Korea's benchmark Kospi index shed 0.09 percent to close at 2,416.05, with tech stocks giving up some gains made in the previous session. Samsung Electronics fell 0.69 percent by the end of the session after rising to a record high on Monday.
Greater China markets edged down. The slid 0.11 percent by 3:12 p.m. HK/SIN and mainland markets pared early gains. The lost 0.18 percent to close at 3,356.6546 and the Shenzhen Composite shed 0.357 percent to finish the session at 1,995.6012.
Exhaustion in Asian equities could be due to a lack of strong drivers in the markets, Jingyi Pan, a market strategist at IG, suggested in a note. Pan pointed to how regional markets had risen on Monday mainly due to confidence from U.S. markets, but risk events in coming days "made the appeal for caution ahead."
Investors shifted their attention to the Fed as the Federal Open Market Committee begins a two-day policy meeting on Tuesday. The central bank is widely expected to leave interest rates unchanged when it announces its decision on Sept. 20, but investors are awaiting details on its reduction of $3.7 trillion in Treasurys and mortgage-backed securities bought during the financial crisis.
Ahead of the event, the dollar extended gains against the yen after creeping higher overnight to trade around an eight-week high. The U.S. currency fetched 111.74 yen at 2:53 p.m. HK/SIN. Meanwhile, the dollar index, which tracks the U.S. currency against a basket of currencies, edged down to 91.770, compared to the 91.9 handle seen on Monday.
"Speculation around the impending FOMC meeting is ... driving the U.S. dollar, with markets eyeing both the unwind of the balance sheet and any tweaks to the dot plot," Felicity Emmett, senior economist at ANZ, said in a morning note.
Stocks on Wall Street closed higher on Wall Street, with the Dow Jones industrial average rising 0.28 percent, or 63.01 points, to close at 22,331.35 — its fifth consecutive record close.
Elsewhere, the firmed after being pushed lower overnight following Bank of England Governor Mark Carney's Monday comment that future hikes in interest rates could be "at a gradual pace and to a limited extent." Sterling traded at $1.3526 at 2:53 p.m. HK/SIN, compared to the $1.358 handle seen during Asian trade on Monday.
In corporate news, Chinese search company Baidu announced over the weekend it had hired Herman Yu as its chief financial officer. Yu was formerly the CFO of Weibo, a microblogging platform. In a statement addressing the appointment, Baidu CEO Robin Li said the company was looking forward to entering "the next stage of growth in the AI [artificial intelligence] era."
Meanwhile, the institutional tranche of Chinese online insurer ZhongAn Online Property and Casualty Insurance's initial public offering has been oversubscribed, Reuters said Monday. The insurance company is expected to debut on the Hong Kong exchange Sept. 28, according to Reuters.
In economic news, the Reserve Bank of Australia's minutes showed the central bank was positive about resilience in the country's jobs market, but expected wage growth to remain slow, Reuters said. The RBA was also concerned about household debt levels and strength in the Australian currency, according to Reuters.
The Aussie dollar fetched $0.7982 at 2:54 p.m. HK/SIN after spiking as high as $0.7993 immediately after the release of the minutes.
On the energy front, oil prices were steady. U.S. crude retraced earlier losses, gaining 0.18 percent to trade at $50 a barrel and Brent crude advanced 0.02 percent to $55.49.