
Stocks gyrated on Wednesday as the Federal Reserve paused its rate-hiking campaign and signaled it was making progress on fighting inflation.
But at the same time, the central bank indicated it would hike another two times later this year.
The S&P 500 eked out a narrow gain, rising 0.08% to close at 4,372.59. The Nasdaq Composite added 0.39% to close at 13,626.48, supported by gains in Nvidia and AMD. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dipped 0.68%, or 232.79 points, to finish the session at 33,979.33, dragged down by losses in UnitedHealth.
During the session, both the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq touched their highest levels since April 2022.
As traders were expecting, the Fed kept interest rates unchanged at a target range of 5%-5.25% on Wednesday afternoon, ending a streak of 10 consecutive hikes.
Despite the pause, the markets' initial reaction was negative as investors focused on the the central bank's projections for the rest of the year, which indicated the Fed would restart rate hikes before long.
"The statement and projections were so hawkish, that I'm sure Wall Street is thinking they should have just raised rates today," said Ed Moya, senior market analyst at Oanda. "The Fed is going to send this economy into a recession next year if they follow through" on their forecast.
However, the sell-off stabilized somewhat as Fed Chair Jerome Powell said at his press conference Wednesday afternoon that the central bank hadn't yet made a decision about July's meeting. He also said the Fed was making progress against inflation.
"I would almost say that the conditions that we need to see in place to get inflation down are coming into place," the central bank leader said.
The Fed next meets July 25-26. The S&P 500 is up more than 13% this year and more than 25% from its bear market low as investors bet the Fed would soon stop hiking rates.
Earlier Wednesday, May's producer price index, an indicator of the path of inflation, fell 0.3%, a larger decrease than expected. On Tuesday, May's reading of the consumer price index, which showed the lowest annual increase in more than two years, bolstered investor hopes that the Fed was winning its war against inflation.
"What I think Powell kind of helped smooth over the course of his press conference is that the Fed is still on track with how the market is thinking on policy," said Anthony Saglimbene, chief market strategist at Ameriprise Financial. "They're leaving themselves room to increase rates if needed."